解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract:AIM:An increase in carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) represents an early phase of the atherosclerotic process. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether a reduction in CIMT could be seen with 1-year treatment with rosuvastatin (10 mg/day). METHODS AND RESULTS:Forty-five patients with hypercholesterolemia and as...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000276476
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:We studied the effect of the combined treatment with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (ramipril) and eplerenone compared with ramipril alone in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. METHODS:Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: nondiabetic controls, streptozocin-treated diabetic rats (5...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000316113
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, the effects of ghrelin against the gastric damage induced by intragastric administration of 0.6 N HCl and the involvement of histamine H₃ receptors (H₃Rs) were investigated in conscious rats with selective H₃R ligands. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of ghrelin (40 μg/kg) significantly reduced (...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000320110
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Since beta-adrenoceptors have been shown to affect cardiac gap junction channels, we wanted to elucidate the possible effect of metoprolol on the gap junction protein connexin-43, using racemic RS-metoprolol or the isomer R-metoprolol (no beta-adrenoceptor blockade) or S-metoprolol (beta(1)-adrenoceptor...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000276982
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:morphine is known to inhibit cholinergic contractions of the guinea pig small intestine. This has been compared to the human small intestinal innervated longitudinal muscle in the current study. METHODS:cholinergic primary contractions of human small intestinal longitudinal strips were evoked by electr...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000316637
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is expressed on Th2 cells, found in inflamed tissues of allergic diseases, and is therefore suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases by controlling Th2 cell migration into inflamed tissues. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000235748
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:In the present study, we tested whether or not acute antioxidant treatment with vitamin C is able to protect the heart during myocardial infarction. The effects of vitamin C on the autonomic balancing of the heart and on the histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in response to isoproterenol ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000222245
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT)-induced contraction and the involvement of RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway in the 5-HT-induced contraction was investigated isometrically in vitro in both diabetic and nondiabetic human corpus cavernosum (HCC) tissues. METHODS:HCC tissues were obtained from 12 patients. Th...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000221380
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:This study was performed in order to elucidate the effects of 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) and L-arginine on cognitive functions of rats in a three-panel runway task. METHODS:7-NI (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg) and L-arginine (200 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally into male Wistar rats 30 min before the test. RESU...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000235997
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congestive heart failure (CHF) is associated with exercise intolerance that cannot be entirely explained by hypoperfusion of the skeletal muscles. We studied the contractile properties of fast-twitch (extensor digitorum longus; EDL) and slow-twitch (soleus; SOL) skeletal muscles in doxorubicin-induced CHF in rats, and...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000241723
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pregnane X receptor (PXR/NR1I2) gene is a master regulator for a number of cytochrome P450s (CYPs) and drug transporters. This study aimed to detect the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the PXR gene in Han Chinese (n = 186) and to compare the frequencies of polymorphisms of the PXR gene with those in Cauc...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123687
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sedum telephium ssp. maximum is a medicinal plant that possesses anti-inflammatory, analgesic and keratolytic properties. We investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of its methanolic extract (STME) in rat peritoneal macrophages (MPhis) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella enteritidis. After stimulati...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000157626
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:The knowledge of molecular mechanisms determining drug pharmacokinetics in pathological states is relevant for the development of new therapeutic approaches. This study was undertaken to evaluate the cortical renal blood flow (cRBF) and the renal protein expression of the organic anion transporters (OAT...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000110555
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:This study investigates factors influencing the severity of opiate withdrawal symptoms, focusing on the relationship between methadone dose and withdrawal severity among opiate-dependent in-patients receiving methadone detoxification. METHODS:The sample comprised 48 opiate-dependent patients admitted to a speciali...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000109982
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of repeated administration of histamine on lithium-induced state dependency has been investigated. A single-trial step-down inhibitory avoidance task was used to assess memory in adult male NMRI mice. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of lithium (10 mg/kg), immediately after training (post-training),...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000111760
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Induction of endogenous superoxide anion stress by the use of the superoxide dismutase inhibitor diethylthiocarbamate (DETCA; 10 mmol/l) produced a potent inhibition of the ATP (0.3-10 mmol/l) and diadenosine tetraphosphate (AP(4)A) contractile activity in the isolated vas deferens by 29-92 and 24-90%, respectively. P...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000148260
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequent resistance of malignant tumors to chemotherapy documents the fact that numerous patients are uselessly traumatized by highly toxic drugs. Investigations into this resistance have shown that many different mechanisms exist which can abolish the antitumor action of chemotherapeutics. So far, no safe method ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000112864
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIM:The effect of isocaloric diets and sibutramine on dietary behaviour and TNF-alpha is poorly understood. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of isocaloric diets and sibutramine on food intake, body mass variation and serum TNF-alpha in free-feeding rats. METHODS:Three groups of male Wista...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000127363
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular ATP regulates cell proliferation, muscle contraction and myoblast differentiation. ATP present in the muscle interstitium can be released from contracting skeletal muscle cells. L-Carnitine is a key element in muscle cell metabolism, as it serves as a carrier for fatty acid through mitochondrial membrane...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000114449
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Basal insulin administered to type-2 diabetic patients with poor glycaemic control when managed with oral anti-diabetics (OADs) alone can lead to an increased risk of weight gain and hypoglycaemia. In the absence of head-to-head trials, an indirect comparison of the once-daily insulin detemir with insulin glargine...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1159/000149569
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ovariectomized (OVX) rat, as an established animal model of human osteoporosis, was adopted in the present experiment to study the protective effects of sodium daidzein sulfonate (SDS) on trabecular bone. Six-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were sham-operated or ovariectomized. Five days later, the OVX rats were ran...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000098115
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Superfluous reactive nitrogen and oxygen species generation is implicated in the damage of tissues at sites of inflammation where activated neutrophils and macrophages are involved. This study was conducted to investigate whether the beneficial effects of carvedilol involve modulation of respiratory burst, degranul...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000097818
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two groups of rats were used to examine the effect of pioglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonist, on rat hearts using an in vivo model of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) to elucidate potential mechanisms. One group was the 30-min reperfusion group, which was further subdivided into...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000100870
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of mitemcinal (GM-611) on the gastrointestinal contractile activity were investigated using chronically implanted force transducers in conscious dogs and were compared with the effects of porcine motilin (pMTL), EM-523 and EM-574. In the interdigestive state, intravenous and oral administration of mitemcin...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000101537
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To study whether rosiglitazone prevents the development of diabetic nephropathy through reduction of reactive oxygen species and its downstream signal transduction pathways. METHODS:The rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin to induce diabetes, meanwhile the rats in the therapeutic groups were gi...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000103232
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared detailed efficacy of efonidipine and nifedipine, dihydropyridine analogues, and mibefradil using recombinant T- and L-type Ca2+ channels expressed separately in mammalian cells. All these Ca2+ channel antagonists blocked T-type Ca2+ channel currents (I(Ca(T))) with distinct blocking manners: I(Ca(T)) was b...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000094900
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Imatinib and AMN107 are protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors which reduce KIT autophosphorylation with similar potency. This report describes the cellular uptake of these compounds in two human gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)-derived cell lines (GIST882 and GIST GDG1), which both express constitutively activated K...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000091943
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of schisandrin B enantiomer ((+)Sch B and (-)Sch B) treatment on the reduced cellular glutathione (GSH) level and susceptibility to menadione-induced toxicity were investigated and compared in AML12 hepatocytes. (+)Sch B or (-)Sch B treatment at 6.25 micromol/l produced a time-dependent change in cellular GSH ...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000092773
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Elastase, a serine proteinase released by activated human neutrophils, can degrade a wide variety of biomacromolecules including elastin, and is considered a marker of inflammatory diseases. As the logical strategy to protect tissue is to inhibit excessive elastase activity, experimental and clinical researches have c...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000093790
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was carried out to test bioequivalence between two different oral desmopressin formulations. Sixty healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study and were randomly assigned to receive the test (T) and reference (R) drug in a two-period two-sequence, crossover, analyst-blinded study design. Subjects re...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000092625
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The oral bioavailability of two investigational formulations of bicalutamide was compared with the current clinical formulation. The first formulation was amorphous R-/S-bicalutamide in solid dispersion with a polymeric matrix of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HP55S) (R-/S-bicalutamide/HP55S); the second was...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000094599
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effects of cannabinoid receptor agonists on (45)Ca(2+) uptake in rat brain synaptosomes. A cannabinoid receptor agonist, (R)-(+)-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-[(4-merpholino)methyl]pyrrolo-[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl](1-naphthyl)methanone (WIN 55212-2) dose-dependently inhibited (45)Ca(2+) uptake in rat s...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000091228
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, chronic treatment of atorvastatin was evaluated on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200 +/- 25 g) were randomized into the following four groups: (1) control group, (2) isoproterenol-treated group, (3) atorvastatin-treated group, and (4) isoproterenol- and at...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000092308
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to compare the cardioprotective properties of long-acting calcium channel antagonist pranidipine with amlodipine in rat model of heart failure induced by autoimmune myocarditis. Twenty-eight days after immunization the surviving rats were randomized for the oral administration of low-d...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000091746
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) on the anticonvulsive activity of a nonprotective valproate (VPA) dose in a metaphit model of generalized, reflex audiogenic seizures in adult Wistar rats was studied. The animals that received metaphit (10 mg/kg) were exposed to audiogenic stimulation (100 +/- 3 dB, 6...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000093001
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the properties of the drug interaction between morphine and 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist at the spinal level. The nociceptive state was induced by subcutaneously injecting formalin solution (5%, 50 microl) into the hindpaw of the rats. Intrathecal morphine and m-CPBG (5-HT(3) receptor agonist) dose-dependen...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000094763
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are reports regarding harmful effect of long-term use of beta2-agonist drugs on asthma severity and airway responsiveness. In the present study, the responses of guinea pig trachea with intact and denuded epithelium (groups 1 and 2, n = 10) to methacholine as EC50 were measured in tissues nonincubated or incubat...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000088739
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Artemether, highly effective in multi-drug-resistant malaria is not routinely available for use in pregnancy due to the lack of adequate research data in animals and man. This study was therefore aimed at investigating some pregnancy-related effects of artemether. Artemether (1.5, 7.5 and 15 mg/kg i.p. daily for 7 day...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000094521
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Distinct signal transduction pathways have been shown to regulate injury responses and regeneration in peripheral nerves. In the present investigation, the time courses of the induction of phospho-MAPK/ERK1/2 and of phospho-STAT3 were investigated in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and in the sciatic nerve of rats follo...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000088015
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic administration of triazolam (0.25 mg/kg/day, i.p.) on days 1-8 and its withdrawal produced an anxiogenic reaction in mice as assessed in the mirrored-chamber test. Daily administration of bupropion (2 or 5 mg/kg, i.p.) prior to triazolam for 8 days prevented withdrawal-induced anxiety in mice. Triazolam withdr...
journal_title:Pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000087189
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00